We use this chasis because it already consists of 2 motors which handle left and right wheels separately.
2. BreadBoard
Internal connection of BreadBoard:
The coloured lines represents internal connections of the breadboard.
3. IC7805
We use IC7805 to convert 9V in 5V because maximum safe limit of all electronic components is about 5V. The top metallic part of IC7805 is used for heat distribution.
4. LM324N Comparator
This IC consists of 4 comparators. Each comparator consists of 2 inputs (one positive and other negative) and one output. If the voltage at positive input is greater than the voltage at negative input then the output is 5V else 0.
5. ULN2003 Current Amplifier
This IC is used to amplify the current. It consists of 7 outputs (PIN 16 to PIN 10) corresponding to 7 inputs (PIN 1 to PIN 7). It takes input from LM324N and gives output in the form of 0 and 1.
6. Potentiometer
It is a potential divider. It consists of a continues resistance wire with a divider. When we move divider with the help of knob the resistance about both sides of divider varies. Correspondingly, the voltage varies from 0 to 5V across one side of divider. The middle wire is correspond to the divider. Other 2 wires are connected to Vcc (5V) and Ground (0V). We will use POT of 10K, i.e., its maximum resistance is 10K.
7. LDR (light sensor)
Full form of LDR is Light Dependent Resistance. When light falls on it, its resistance decreases and voltage across it decreases. Mechanism behind this is that when light falls on it, electrons are emitted so that current increases and resistance decreases.
